Seven Wonders Of The Ancient World Essays - , Term Papers

Seven Wonders Of The Ancient World How many individuals can name the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World? These ancien, man made monuments were compiled into a list considerable in their enormous size or some other unusual quality (Donovan 325). We should not let these legacies be left behind in the past, because each of these Seven Wonders has a story hidden within their ruins, or in one case, within its remains. Picture these architectural structures as I uncover the legends of The Statue of Zeus, the Colossus of Rhodes, the Pyramids of Egypt, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, and the Temple of Artemis. The first full modern version of the list appeared less than four centuries ago in Italy in 1608 (Romer IX). After that the lists varied, sometimes naming ten wonders, but always keeping the honored name of The Seven Wonders of the World (IX). The listing of these wonders initiated by Greeks and Romans listed memorable things that they thought travelers should see (Donovan 325). The origianl authorship of the list is not completely proven, but it is believed to be composed by Bede and Philo (Romer X). Philo's list is the most impressive, because of it's uncomparable text, in length, poetry, and information given (Romer X). At one time, classical writers argued over the true list, but today there is one most commonly used (Virtual Tours 1). Few drawings or sketches exist of the vanished monuments, so archeologists have relied on ancient tales and literary works to get an idea of appearance and history (2).Every one of the seven wonders is connected to the legendary King Alexander (Romer XII). He founded Egyptian Alexandria, the city of Pharos; he stormed Halicarnassus, the city of the Mausoleum; the Rhodian of Colossus was cast in his image; he died in Babylon, the city of the Hanging Gardens, and all of them stood within his shortlived Empire (Romer XII). Apart from the Statue of Zeus in the west and the Hanging Gardens in the east, they all lay in the center of the Greek Empire (McLeish 4). In the Fourth Dynasty, built 4600 years ago, the Giza Pyramids came known as the greatest of the Seven Wonders (Grigson 18). These pyramids are the largest of the 70-odd pyramids built (18). The largest of the three Giza Pyramids is the Pyramid of Cheops (18). Its base is 57,000 square feet and has 2,300,000 limestone blocks each weighing two and one-half tons (18). It is made up of a King's Chamber, Queen's Chamber, grand gallery, vents, ascending and descending passages, and a Greaves Shaft (Krystek 4). Cheop's Pyramid is surrounded by rows of low flat tombs, mastabas, and three small pyramids in which his family and other high officials were buried (Grigson 20). The second pyramid is called the Pyramid of Chephren and the third if the pyramid of Mycerinus (20). These pyramids all have an astonishing accuracy in their construction (18). There is only about eight inches difference between the longest and the shortest baseline and teh four corners make an almost perfect right angle (18). It is believed that the Eyqyptians worked by observing teh stars because all the sides are aligned to face the cardinal points of the compass (18). Richard Procter, and astronomer, observed hat the descending passage could have b een used to observe transit stars and he grand gallery could have been used to map the sky when on the top (Krystek 3). The pyramid is probably connected with Egyptain sun worship and a pyramid stone, the benben, symbolizes the sun god ( Grigson 20). When the sun's rays breaks through at exactly the angle of teh Giza Pyramids, the Egyptians regarded that as a stairway to heaven for their kings (20). They believed the body was the spirit's house and so they want to perserve the body as long as they can (Mc Leish 5). Priests began by removing all the soft parts of the body, such as the brain, lungs, heart, liver, and intestines (5). A great archeologist, Sir Flanders Petrie, estimated that it took 100,000 men to haul stones and another 4,000 to work on the actual construction (Grigson 20). They used no pulleys, but must have used an incline plane to raise the blocks (20). How the inside of teh pyramid is built is unknown (20). The center of the pyramid is the home of Cheop's burial chamber (20). Before and after the construction of the Pyramids, Egyptians interned

Free Essays on Ovarian Cancer

â€Å"Ovarian Cancer Staging† written by M. Steven Piver Md. and Gamal Eltabbakh M.D. is about the staging system for Ovarian Cancer. Staging describes how far the ovarian cancer has spread. Once Ovarian Cancer is suspected, The patient must undergo an operation known as Exploratory Laparotomy. This procedure which by definition, Involves an incision through the abdominal wall- is essential to surgical staging. This type of operation is important for everyone who undergoes treatment for Ovarian Cancer, To ensure that each patient recieves the best possible care. If cancer is detected, The physician will cut away as much of the tumor as possible. The extent of surgery will depend on what type of cancer is found and how far reaching it is. In most women only one Ovary is removed. I personally do not agree with the way the physician handles the tumor, and neither does my mother who has stage three-c Ovarian Cancer.(four is the highest). The physician wanted to take out just one Ovary, this procedure is known as Unilateral Oophorectomy. My mother had both ovaries taken out, the uterus, fallopian tubes, and the omentum, which is the fatty tissue that covers the bowels. The physician also collected biopsy samples from the lymph nodes, abdominal aorta, and the diaphragm. Finally Peritoneal lavage was conducted to microscopically detect cancer cells in the fluid that is withdrawn. Every women is at risk for Ovarian Cancer, regardless of age, heritage, or medical history. A womens risk of being diagnosed with Ovarian Cancer is 1 in every 55. Every women should undergo an annual Recto-vaginal Examination. To date, No screening tests have shown to be 100% affective. The symptoms are subtle and in many cases the cancer has spread by the time it is found. Staging provides an estimate of disease free survival, and the risk of cancer recurrence. This article was pu... Free Essays on Ovarian Cancer Free Essays on Ovarian Cancer â€Å"Ovarian Cancer Staging† written by M. Steven Piver Md. and Gamal Eltabbakh M.D. is about the staging system for Ovarian Cancer. Staging describes how far the ovarian cancer has spread. Once Ovarian Cancer is suspected, The patient must undergo an operation known as Exploratory Laparotomy. This procedure which by definition, Involves an incision through the abdominal wall- is essential to surgical staging. This type of operation is important for everyone who undergoes treatment for Ovarian Cancer, To ensure that each patient recieves the best possible care. If cancer is detected, The physician will cut away as much of the tumor as possible. The extent of surgery will depend on what type of cancer is found and how far reaching it is. In most women only one Ovary is removed. I personally do not agree with the way the physician handles the tumor, and neither does my mother who has stage three-c Ovarian Cancer.(four is the highest). The physician wanted to take out just one Ovary, this procedure is known as Unilateral Oophorectomy. My mother had both ovaries taken out, the uterus, fallopian tubes, and the omentum, which is the fatty tissue that covers the bowels. The physician also collected biopsy samples from the lymph nodes, abdominal aorta, and the diaphragm. Finally Peritoneal lavage was conducted to microscopically detect cancer cells in the fluid that is withdrawn. Every women is at risk for Ovarian Cancer, regardless of age, heritage, or medical history. A womens risk of being diagnosed with Ovarian Cancer is 1 in every 55. Every women should undergo an annual Recto-vaginal Examination. To date, No screening tests have shown to be 100% affective. The symptoms are subtle and in many cases the cancer has spread by the time it is found. Staging provides an estimate of disease free survival, and the risk of cancer recurrence. This article was pu...

Strategic Investment Decision Making Case Study

Strategic Investment Decision Making - Case Study Example This paper addresses a critical question "Should TAM Airlines buy Airplanes of the Model: Fokker F-100 or the Airbus A-320" The research is carried out in the form of a case study where drawing information from different search engines such as Google and previous research we compared the two aircraft. Drawing from prior studies the evidence suggests that Airbus 320 represents a better option for TAM Airline considering, it flight capacity, its flexibilities, and its technological advancement attached to the changing time. Airbus 320 offers the management an opportunity for a long term suppliers relationship management. The difference is attributed to differences in the level market systems that characterized both economies. Fokker F100 is characterized by a Short route for regional flight limited to 3111km where as Airbus 320 is a long route flight. The features and flexibilities offered by airbus gave us grounds to recommend it to TAM Airline Adler (2000) suggests that strategic investment decision making involves the process of identifying, evaluating, and selecting projects that are likely to have a big impact on a company's competitive advantage. Strategic investment decisions influence what the company is doing, that is, the set of products and services as well as their attributes that it offers to customers. These decisions also influence where the company offers these products and services and how it offers them. (Adler, 2000). It is therefore very essential to ensure that the right decision is made as regards the products and services on offer, where such products are offered and how they are offered. Investment decision making involves the elements of a classic cost-benefit analysis. (Adler, 2000). According to Akalu and Turner (2001, 2002) finding a reliable method of investment appraisal is not only a matter of concern for company management. Investment appraisal has now become a matter of concern to both share holders and investors. (Turner, 2001, 2002). Customer satisfaction lies at the heart of all modern thinking on quality and business management. Customers and suppliers are important stakeholders. "Stakeholders are those individual or groups who depend on the organisation to fulfill their own goals and on whom, in turn, the organization depends" (JSW: 2005:179). TAM Airlines now faces a critical purchase / Suppliers management decision to discontinue with it much heralded Fokker F-100 and go in for the Airbus -320. Thus, the central theme in this paper is to find out which of the two airplanes represent a better investment or purchase decision for TAM Airlines. 1.1Problem Statement and Research Questions The supplier selection process must be an integral part of an effective